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Role of Lipid Profile in Heart Diseases and Preventive Measures

June 8, 2021BlogFitness health

The role of lipid profile is critical in heart diseases. Cholesterol, LDL, and triglycerides are blamed for being atherogenic.

A strong association exists between:

  1. High level of LDL (low-density lipoprotein).
  2. Cholesterol level.
  3. History of atherosclerotic heart disease.

Triglycerides (fatty acids+glycerol complex) are a form of simple lipids and really found in dietary fats.

Saturated fatty acids have no double bonds and raise the cholesterol level. These are found in animal sources and are solid at room temperature.

Unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds and do not raise the cholesterol level. These are usually found in plant sources and often are liquid at room temperature.

Lipids are a rich source of energy. Most of the lipids are stored within the adipose cells.

Adipose cells contain storage fats; this will accumulate around the tissues and within the body cavities and be used when energy is needed.

Role of lipid profile in heart diseases:

Type of lipid Role of lipid Desired level
Cholesterol
  1. This is synthesized in the liver
  2. It is used throughout the body
  3. Increased cholesterol level increases the risk for heart diseases
<200 mg/dL
HDL-cholesterol
  1. This also called healthy cholesterol
  2. The higher the HDL better for the health
  3. It carries the LDL- cholesterol back to the liver for recycling.

Male = >40 mg/dL

Female = >50 mg/dL

LDL-cholesterol
  1. This is also called bad cholesterol or unhealthy fat
  2. It carries cholesterol to the body cells
  3. It can clog the arteries
  4. It can harden the arteries
  5. It has relation to heart disease than the total cholesterol
<100 mg/dL
Triglycerides
  1. This is the worst form of the lipids
  2. It will clog the arteries
  3. It can come from fats, carbohydrates, and alcohol
  4. In the case of triglyceride >250 mg/dL, needs to be tested for diabetes
<150 mg/dL

Other factors can influence your heart disease risk like:

  1. Physical activity.
  2. Weight loss.
  3. Waist circumference.
  4. Use of tobacco.
Risk factors and their role Recommendations
Physical activity
  1. Try to do at least physical activity for 30 to 60 minutes/day
  2. Try to raise the HDL-cholesterol, which can increase only by the exercise
  3. Try to lower the triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol
Weight loss
  1. When you lose 10 lbs weight, it will decrease 5% risk for heart disease
  2. Losing weight will increase HDL-cholesterol
  3. Losing weight will lower cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol.
Role of waist circumference
  1. Healthy waist circumference is <35 inches for the females
  2. Healthy waist circumference is <40 inches for the males
Use of tobacco
  1. This is the well-known major risk factor for the heart-diseases
  2. It increases the total cholesterol
  3. It lowers the HDL-cholesterol

How to protect the heart diseases:

There are so many ways that you can prevent heart disease. Some of these we will discuss briefly.

  1. Quit smoking.
  2. Quit alcohol intake in any form.
  3. Avoid fatty meals.
  4. Avoid junk foods from fast-food restaurants. These junk foods are loaded with fats.
  5. Change the food habits and add more fruits and vegetables to the diet.
    1. Fruits and vegetables are sources of fibers and various other nutrients.
    2. Fruits and vegetables provide:
      1. Nitric oxide and potassium can dilate the blood vessels.
      2. These will lower blood pressure.
      3. These will keep blood vessels healthy.
    3. Eat at least 2 cups of fruits and 1/2 cup of vegetables every day.
    4. You can eat fruits and vegetables at all meals and snacks.
    5. Eating the soluble fibers 10 to 25 grams/day will lower LDL cholesterol.
      1. These soluble fibers help to feel satisfied after eating and keep the gut healthy.
      2. In the USA, Metamucil is a good fiber supplement.
    6. Add whole grains to your food and also include lentils and beans twice a week.
Possible References Used
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Comments

Mazhar Mumtaz Bhutta Reply
June 17, 2021

A good source of information .Will help to creat a healthy Society.Team of highly skilled and dedicated Doctor

Dr. Riaz Reply
June 18, 2021

Thanks, sir.

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