Metabolic syndrome and Prevention

September 22, 2020Chemical pathologyLab Tests

sample

• For the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome, the best sample is serum after 8 to 12 hours of fast.

Definition of metabolic syndrome

• This is also known as Syndrome X. Actually, this is insulin resistance syndrome. These individuals have various metabolic abnormalities and have more risk factors for cardiovascular diseases.
• These people have increased risk and show accelerated atherosclerosis.

Three or more of the following parameter when positive indicate metabolic syndrome:

1. abdominal obesity. This is defined by having a waist circumference:
   1. In men = 40 inches (102 centimeters or cm) or more.
   2. In women 35 inches (89 cm) or more.
   3. Waist circumference cutoff points can vary by race.
2. Triglycerides > 150 mg / dl.
3. HDL-cholesterol < 40 mg /dl for men and < 50 mg/dl for women. (This is called good Cholesterol).
4. LDL- cholesterol > 100 mg/dl (This is called bad cholesterol).
5. Fasting glucose > 110 mg/dl.
   1. Some of the studies suggest a High blood sugar level, with a fasting blood glucose test result of 100 mg/dL or more.
6. Hypertension when:
   1. Systolic blood pressure is 130 mm Hg or more.
   2. Diastolic blood pressure 85 mm Hg or more.

Metabolic syndrome criteria

Complications of metabolic syndrome. There is an increased risk of:

1. Heart disease. High cholesterol and high blood pressure can cause atherosclerosis and narrow the arteries’ lumen and may lead to a heart attack.
2. Stroke. This may be also due to atherosclerosis.
3. Diabetes may develop If you don’t make lifestyle changes to control your insulin resistance, your glucose levels will continue to increase. You may develop diabetes as a result of metabolic syndrome.

Metabolic Syndrome Consequences

Precautions:

1. Low carbohydrates even with high in saturated fats may improve the cholesterol profile.
2. Fish is rich in omega-3 so it protects against vascular diseases. So this should be eaten three times a week.
3. Aggressive lifestyle changes can delay or even prevent the development of serious health problems.

Treatment or how to prevent metabolic syndrome:

1. Lose weight: If you lose weight by 5 to 10 percent of your body weight. that can reduce insulin levels needed by the body.
   1. By losing weight blood pressure may also be controlled.
2. Exercise: The Daily exercise of 30 minutes or more is recommended. This may be even brisk walking every day.
3. Stop smoking.
   1. Cigarettes smoking  lead to:
      1. increases insulin resistance.
      2. Worsens the health consequences of metabolic syndrome.
4. Food Changes in the food style also help to prevent metabolic syndrome like :
   1. Eat more fiber-rich foods.
   2. Your food should include whole grains, beans, fruits, and vegetables.
   3. Mechanism of food: These food items are packed with dietary fiber, which can lower your insulin levels.

Prevention:

Try to follow the following advice:

1. Commit to a healthy diet.
   1. Eat plenty of fruits and vegetables.
   2. Try to take white meat or fish.
   3. Avoid red meat.
   4. Avoid processed or deep-fried foods.
   5. Don’t use table salt.
2. Exercise: Make a habit of regular, moderately strenuous physical activity at least for 30 minutes.
3. Regular check-up like :
   1. Blood pressure.
   2. Cholesterol.
   3. Check Blood sugar levels on a regular basis.
   4. Make other changes in lifestyle if the values of the test are going the wrong way.