Metabolic Panel

What sample is needed for the Metabolic Panel?

What are the indications for a Metabolic Panel (Comprehensive metabolic panel = CMP)?

1. For routine health check-ups.
2. To evaluate kidney function.
3. To evaluate the liver function.
4. Monitor the medication that may affect the liver or kidneys.

How does the metabolic panel evaluate the function of various organs?

Metabolic panel evaluates:

1. Blood glucose level for diabetes mellitus.
2. Serum electrolytes for hydration and acid/base balance.
3. Kidney function tests.
4. Liver function tests.
5. Fluid electrolytes.

What are the tests included in the metabolic panel?

1. Glucose
2. Proteins:
   1. Total protein
   2. Albumin
3. Liver function tests:
   1. Serum bilirubin
   2. SGPT ( alanine aminotransferase)
   3. SGOT (aspartate aminotransferase)
   4. ALP (alkaline phosphatase)
4. Kidney function tests:
   1. BUN (blood urea nitrogen)
   2. Creatinine
5. Electrolytes:
   1. Serum sodium
   2. Serum potassium
   3. Chloride
   4. Bicarbonate
   5. Serum calcium level
6. Thyroid function tests.
7. Lipid profile.

How would you summarize the comprehensive metabolic profile (CMP)?

• A comprehensive metabolic profile is called Chem14, a chemistry screen, or a metabolic panel.

The Comprehensive metabolic profile (CMP) includes:

1. Glucose.
2. Calcium.
3. Sodium, potassium, bicarbonate, and chloride.
4. Albumin.
5. Total protein.
6. Liver function tests (SGOT/SGPT, Alkaline phosphatase, and bilirubin).
7. Serum BUN and creatinine.

How will you define Metabolic syndrome (Metabolic syndrome X)?

1. Metabolic syndrome is also called Syndrome X.
2. Metabolic syndrome consists of the following:
   1. Insulin resistance.
   2. Hypertension.
   3. Abdominal obesity.
   4. Prothrombotic and proinflammatory conditions.
3. Metabolic syndrome criteria:
   1. There is glucose intolerance with a fasting level of 110 to 125 mg/dL.
   2. Atherogenic stimulants are:
      1. Triglycerides = >150 mg/dL
      2. HDL-C = <40 mg/dL  males  and <50 mg/dL in females.
      3. Increased LDL.
      4. Abnormalities in fibrinolysis and coagulation.
      5. Exclusion of other causes of dyslipidemia like cholestasis, hypothyroidism, chronic renal failure, and nephrotic syndrome.

What are the complications of abnormal metabolic syndrome?

Metabolic syndrome complications are:

1. Heart disease.
2. Stroke.
3. Diabetes mellitus.