Anaphylactic reaction

Mechanism of anaphylactic reaction:

• The following diagram summarises the anaphylactic reaction.

1. It may be seen in a patient during or after taking the blood sample.
2. You may see this reaction due to trauma, pain, or an unusual situation.
3. So every technician and ordinary man or woman should know how to deal with such a situation.
4. First, try to know how these patients will have a presentation:

 Signs and symptoms of Anaphylactic reaction:

The patient will show the following:

1. Nervousness.
2. Itching of the skin.
3. Feeling of confusion.
4. Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
5. Abdominal or back pain.
6. There will be flushing, pallor, or cyanosis.
7. Urticaria.
8. Laryngeal edema leads to stridor.
9. Tachycardia.
10. There is low blood pressure.
11. Convulsions.
12. Respiratory depression.
13. Bronchospasm leads to asthmatic attacks.

Treatment of Anaphylactic reaction:

1. Immediately perform the following measures.
2. Stop taking the blood sample.
3. Lie the patient flat and raise the legs.

4. Maintain the airway.
5. Call the doctor for help.
6. Give an injection of antihistamine or decadron (hydrocortisone).
7. Give oxygen if needed.
8. Give cardiopulmonary resuscitation if needed.
9. If the patient does not improve, transfer the patient to the hospital.

• This article is written for lab technicians and the general public. This will be helpful to everybody.

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