Anaphylactic reaction

What is the mechanism of an anaphylactic reaction?

• The following diagram summarises the anaphylactic reaction.

1. It may be seen in a patient during or after taking the blood sample.
2. This reaction may occur due to trauma, pain, or an unusual situation.
3. So, every technician and every ordinary person should know how to deal with such a situation.
4. First, try to know how these patients will have a presentation.

 What will the presentation of the Anaphylactic reaction be?

The patient will show the following:

1. Nervousness.
2. Itching of the skin.
3. The feeling of confusion.
4. Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
5. Abdominal or back pain.
6. There will be flushing, pallor, or cyanosis.
7. Urticaria.
8. Laryngeal edema leads to stridor.
9. Tachycardia.
10. There is low blood pressure.
11. Convulsions.
12. Respiratory depression.
13. Bronchospasm leads to asthmatic attacks.

How will you handle such a person with an Anaphylactic reaction?

1. Immediately perform the following measures:
   1. Stop taking the blood sample process.
   2. Lie the patient flat and raise the legs.

• 3. Maintain the airway.
  4. Call the doctor for help.
  5. Give an injection of antihistamine or decadron (hydrocortisone).
  6. Give oxygen if needed.
  7. Give cardiopulmonary resuscitation if needed.
• If the patient does not improve, transfer the patient to the hospital.
• This article is written for lab technicians and the general public. This will be helpful to everybody.

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