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Glucose, Diet and Important Rules to Manage Diabetes Mellitus.

February 5, 2020BlogPreventive health

  • Diabetes mellitus can be managed through Diet.
  • Type1 and Type 2 diabetes both can be managed with diet.
  • Monitoring Carbohydrates is the key because carbs strongly affect your blood sugar.
  • A balanced diet includes :
    • A variety of vegetables.
    • Fruits.
    • Whole grains,and beans.
    • Fish.
    • Lean meats.
    • Nonfat dairy.
  • When you live with diabetes, it may be a good idea to follow a schedule for meals and snacks.

Preventing High Blood Sugar After Meals

  • To prevent your blood sugar from soaring after meals, follow your meal plan and be aware of your diet, particularly how many carbs you eat and portion sizes.
  • Make sure you exercise.
  • Take your medicine at regular time.
  • Test your blood sugar regularly.
    • The best is to check fasting blood sugar level.
    • Then check in the evening before taking the meal and the medicine.

The Good Exercise Effect

  • Regular, moderate exercise can positively affect blood sugar, especially with type 2 diabetes.
  • Exercise improves your body’s sensitivity to insulin and stimulates your muscles to use glucose.
  • Studies consistently find improvement in blood sugars after strength training, which usually involves lifting weights to build muscle, jogging and brisk walk for 20 to 30 minutes.

Exercise Risks

  • While regular exercise can help control blood sugar.
  • In some people it can cause a drop.
  • To help keep your levels in check, it is recommend to test your blood sugar before and after exercise.
  • If exercise makes your blood sugar dip, don’t avoid it. Instead, take some fruit with you or adjust your medications.
  • If your sugar dips, eat a snack and wait 15 minutes. Make sure it’s above 100 before starting again.

Avoiding Low Blood Sugar or Hypoglycemia

  • Juices, fruit, candy, or glucose tablets are all sources of quick sugar that can help and bring your glucose level to normal.
  • In case of low blood sugar you may feel tired, weakness, or perspiration or sinking of heart.
  • When your blood sugar drops, immediately without any delay take sugar at least 15-20 grams of sugar or carbs.
  • After 15 to 20 minutes test sugar again.
  • If it’s still low, eat another snack. Avoid foods with sugar in combination with fat.

Stress and Smoking Can Affect Diabetes

  • Stress level and unhealthy habits like smoking can affect your diabetes.
  • Stress can increase your blood sugar level.
  • Try yoga or meditation or find time to de-stress with a relaxing hobby.
  • Smoking increases your chances of developing diabetes-related complications like foot problems, nerve damage, and eye, heart, vascular, and kidney disease

Other Factors That Affect Blood Sugar

  • Alcohol will affect your glucose level.
  • When sick, test your blood sugar more often, stay hydrated, and try to eat regularly.
  • Travel and changes in time zones can also affect your diabetes .Test your sugars before and after meals.

Follow Your Treatment Plan

  • It’s essential to follow your treatment plan, including exercise and diet, and take your medication as directed.
  • Type 1 diabetes is treated with insulin or an insulin pump.
  • Type 2 is often treated with oral and/or injectable medications like insulin or drugs that help insulin work.

Treating Diabetes With Insulin

  • In some patient particularly in diabetes Type 1 insulin is prescribed.
  • In case of insulin injections, check your blood sugar frequently or even daily.

Other medicines With Insulin

  • You may need other medications to improve your blood sugar along with insulin.
  • Oral medications for type 2 diabetes can increase insulin in the body.
  • The oral medicines improve blood sugar through various actions such as slowing glucose absorption after you eat and by decreasing appetite.

Tips for Injecting Insulin

  • When you start taking insulin, a medical professional will teach you how to inject yourself.
  • When doing shots, rotate where you inject to avoid building up scar tissue.
  • For example, give yourself your shot on one side of your abdomen at breakfast, the other side at lunch, and in your outer thigh at dinner.
  • Avoid injecting near your joints, groin, navel, middle abdomen, or scars.

Types of Insulin

  • Rapid-acting.
  • Short-acting.
  • Premixed insulin are timed to meals.
  • Long-acting.
  • Intermediate-acting.
  • The glucose-lowering effects of these insulins can last up to 24 hours.

Timing for meal when injecting Insulin

  • Injecting the insulin timing is important in relation to taking the meals.
  • Rapid-acting insulin is taken 5-15 minutes before or immediately after meals.
  • Short-acting insulin is taken 30 to 60 minutes prior to meals.
  • Premixed insulin is typically taken 15 minutes before meals.

When taken more Insulin than needed by the body

  • If you have more insulin and have not eaten food.Then you may go into hypoglycemia.
  • If you feel hypoglycemic symptoms like feeling tired, weak, or shaky.
  • That is emergency situation to treat hypoglycemia by eating or drinking something with sugar, such as juice, or taking glucose tablets.
  • You may need to adjust the dose of insulin.

Control of diabetes Mellitus

  • Check glucose regularly.
  • Check your HbA1c .You will get information with this test for the control D.M in the last 2 to 3 months.
  • The average goal is around 7 %.
  • Experts recommend HbA1c test twice a year.

(Source,modified from webMD)

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