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Difference Between Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, and Complications

September 10, 2021BlogPreventive health

Type 1 Diabetes mellitus is mostly seen in the younger age group, while type 2 is seen in most adults and older people.

Diabetes mellitus pathogenesis

Diabetes mellitus pathogenesis

Differentiating points of diabetes mellitus type 1 and type 2:

Differentiating points Type 2 Diabetes mellitus Type 1 Diabetes mellitus
Occurrence 90% to 95% of all diagnosed cases of diabetes Mellitus. 5% to 10% of the di of diabetes Mellitus.
Age onset This is called adult-onset. But this may be seen even in children when they are overweight. This is called juvenile-onset. This may be seen even in older patients.
Pathogenesis
  1.  The pancreas may not produce enough insulin.
  2. Or the body may not respond properly to the insulin produced in the body.
 The pancreas does not produce enough insulin
Risk factors
  1. Family history of diabetes mellitus
  2. Old age
  3. Obesity
  4. In the female prior history of gestational diabetes
  5. Impaired glucose tolerance
  6. Lake of physical activity
  7. Race and ethnicity
  1. Clearly not understood
  2. It may be an autoimmune phenomenon
  3. This may be genetic in origin
  4. There may be environmental factors
Treatment This may be as follows:

  1. A healthy diet
  2. Weight loss in case of overweight
  3. Regular exercise
  4. Monitoring of the blood glucose level (frequent blood glucose testing)
  5. Some people may control by only:
    1. Excercise
    2. Diet
  6. But the disease is progressive, so that the patient may need drugs and, ultimately, insulin.
  1. These patients need meal management.
  2. Regular checking of the blood glucose (3 to 4 times/day)
  3. Several injections of the insulin according to glucose level.
  4. Advise healthy diet
  5. Regular physical exercise
Complications
  1. Microangiopathy
  2. Retinopathy
  3. Immature cataract
  4. Glaucoma
  5. Hypertension
  6. Atherosclerosis
  7.  Myocardial infarction
  8.  Nephropathy
  9. Erectile dysfunction
  10. Skin infection
  11. Peripheral neuropathy
  12. Gangrene foot

Complications of diabetes mellitus:

Diabetes Mellitus complications

Diabetes Mellitus complications

Possible References Used
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