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Progesterone Receptor (PR) For Breast Neoplasm

September 23, 2020Lab TestsTumor marker

Sample

  • The paraffin blocks of the breast cancer tissue needed for the cytochemical method.
    • There are immunocytochemical and immunochemical methods.

Purpose oh the test (Indications)

  1. PR is done to see the sensitivity to hormone therapy in the case of breast cancers.
  2. PR gives the prognosis of breast cancers.

Pathophysiology

  1. Progesterone receptor is a specific cellular protein with high affinity and specificity for progesterone hormone.
  2. The progesterone receptor protein is found in the target tissue like the breast, uterus, pituitary gland, and hypothalamus.
  3. Progesterone stimulates the cells through the progesterone receptor.
  4. A reduction in the blood progesterone level reduces the biochemical activity of this cell.
    1. This is the basis for the treatment of breast cancer by antihormone therapy,
    2. PR positive breast cancer more responsive than PR negative cases.
  5. Postmenopausal women breast cancers are more PR positive than young women.
Role of Progesterone Receptor

Role of Progesterone Receptor

  1. Mechanism of the anti-hormone therapy where the drug blocks the site of Progesterone hormone and there is no signal for cell proliferation.
Role of Progesterone Receptor and The Drugs

Role of Progesterone Receptor and The Drugs

Reading of the immunocytochemistry slides:

  • PR receptor stain in the nucleus (the color is brown).
    • Negative = < 5 % of the cells are positive for the PR receptors.
    • Positive = > 5 % of the cells stain for the PR receptors.
PR / ER-positive and Negative Cells

PR / ER-positive and Negative Cells

Clinical evaluation

  • Carcinoma of the breast shows 60 %  positivity.
  • Approximately 2/3 of the cases show a response to hormone therapy.
  • PR negative cases, 90% do not respond to hormone therapy.

Response to anti-hormone therapy

ER PR Response to hormones
positive positive 75 %
negative positive 60 %
positive negative 35 %
negative negative 25 %

Possible References Used
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